Junto com nossos amigos aonde tem churrasco e chimarrão eu sou gaúcho de coração: etnoarqueologia e memória do território da comunidade quilombola Fazenda Cachoeira em Piratini, Rio Grande do Sul

Abstract

This paper presents an ethnoarcheological work along the Fazenda Cachoeira (Cachoeira Farm) maroon (quilombola) community, established in Piratini, in the southern region of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Through participant observation and the GIS tool use, the traditionally occupied territory by slaves descendants maroons was delimited, taking locations and material culture elements that are relevant to this community social reality, history and formation as basis. Their memory, along the “taperas” (abandoned houses), paths, cemeteries, old stanzas settlements, among other material culture elements have helped to understand this collective past and the used territory occupation process. The most important daily community social spaces were also mapped, as well as hunt, fishing, medicinal fruit and plant collection, paddocks, kitchen gardens and other spaces of planting and breed, what allowed to understand their way of life and use, in sustainable way, of these spaces, and, this way, highlighting their traditional knowledge. However, the Fazenda Cachoeira community only owns a small part of this territory. The land for harvest and animal growing lack has been threatening this group safety. Thus, this work intends to give visibility to this difficult situation faced by that collective. It is also intended that the community user this as a political instrument to recover their territory that has historically occupied.