Uso de probióticos na alimentação de larvas de jundiá (Rhamdia quelen, Quoy & Gaimard, 1824)

Abstract

Larviculture is the more important stage in fish farming, because larva’s body is not totally complete to the hatching and the problems in ontogeny will conduce to deficient growth for all life. Probiotics have been efficient in intestinal microbiome modulation which interferes in the health and growth of fish larvae. Jundiá is a fish that presents promissory for intensive farming, although high heterogeneity lead to cannibalism, difficult the handling and increase the lost. Thus, we evaluated the performance, uniformity and mortality rate of the jundiá (Rhamdia quelen) larvae fed with different probiotics. During 21 days jundiá larvae with four days post hatching, 1.00 mg of average body weight and 4.75 mm of total length were farming in 16 glass aquaria, totaling 100 larvae per experimental unit. From a complete randomized design, were tested the following diets in four replicates. CO: control feed, without probiotic; PP: feed with Pichia pastoris; SB: feed with Saccharomyces boulardii and BT: feed with Bacillus cereus var. toyoi. Among tested probiotic, Bacillus cereus var. toyoi showed the best results, because at the end of the first week, larvae were 25% heavier than CO and at the end of the try the difference increased to 28%. Besides, BT also promoted high uniformity, and Fulton’s condition factor. Larvae fed Saccharomyces boulardii showed the lowest body weight and those fed Pichia pastoris grew similarly to the control diet. Mortality rate was not affected by treatments. Therefore, we concluded that Bacillus cereus var. toyoi improve the performance and uniformity of the jundiá larvae and that around of 28% of the weight loss in this stage is linked to the intestinal microbiota.