Recuperação e revitalização de área severamente degradada por mineração: subsídio para formulação de uma política pública

Abstract

The study was carried out in an out-of-operation granite quarry located in the municipality of Capão do Leão - RS. Considering that mining activities can cause significant changes in the local physiography, visually important, mainly of a topographical nature, which can lead to the formation of erosion processes and geotechnical instability of slopes, making them potentially dangerous places, these sites need to undergo processes of environmental recovery under current legislation. Often, post-mine closure interventions are restricted to vacating structures, topography correction, in order to avoid the continuity of degradation processes, and cultivation of plant species as a way of restoring the landscape closer to the original, however, the modification drastic adjustment of a scenario opens up new possibilities for environmental gains other than the usual ones. Rock mining causes relic reliefs of great beauty due to the relationships of abrupt angular and topographical changes, with formations of walls and horizontal squares, in addition to being frequently located at high levels, providing additionally beautiful visual surroundings, which is why the option of reintegrating the area with geotouristic and recreational-cultural motives. In the case studied, an attempt was made to create subsidies for public policies of use with reintegration of the area based on the participation of local communities, their uses and customs. The materialization of the project involves concepts of geoheritage and geotourism, picking constant alternatives in global projects such as geoparks and geofood. This reintegration will result in objective gains for a significant population, whose sampling, when the mine was operating, was not very important, at the same time that it creates subsidies for the formulation of other public policies aimed at the recovery of areas severely degraded by mining in the municipal space. In conclusion, this Dissertation is the conception of a project to support technical decisions for the formulation of municipal, state and/or national public policies.