Farelo de arroz na nutrição de aves e suínos

Abstract

A study was conducted to evaluate the use of organic acids for stabilizing whole rice bran (RB) stored for different periods and its use in the feeding of quails and broilers. Rice bran stabilized and partially deffated (FEPDA) was also evaluated in the feeding of swine. A total of six assays were conducted. The RB was treated with a mixture of acetic and propionic acid and stored for 120 days. No major changes were observed in the proximal composition during the storage time and due to the use of organic acids. The use of organic acids provided the highest gross energy values, the smallest increments of lipid acidity and the lowest formations of primary (K232) and secondary products of lipid oxidation (K270) at the end of 120 days of storage. After this period, RB was added at 20% to the diets. A total of 150 90-day-old Japanese quails were distributed in a completely randomized design in a 5x2 factorial, with five storage times (initial, 30, 60, 90 and 120 days), with or without treatment with organic acids. A significant interaction (P<0.05) was observed between the storage time and the organic acids only for the specific gravity of the eggs. An increased feed consumption (P=0.01) was observed up to 71 days of storage of RB, then reducing it. A quadratic response (P=0.03) was observed for the egg mass, increasing until 71 days of storage of RB and decreasing afterwards. To study RB in the feeding of broiler chickens, 320 male Cobb were evaluated from 1 to 21 days, with the inclusion of 12% RB (stored for 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 days) in the diets. The performance was not significant affected by the storage time of RB. A linear increase in the digestibility of crude protein due to the increase in the RB storage time was observed. The digestibility coefficient of apparent metabolizable energy increased up to 43 days of storage of RB, reducing afterwards. A decreased quadratic response of villus height, which reduced up to 72 days of storage of RB, and increased there after was detected. A decreased quadratic effect was found for villus:crypt ratio, which reduced until 50 days of storage of RB, and increased later. The storage of RB did not affect bone strength, flexibility and stiffness of the tibias. The digestibility coefficients of FEPDA in 15 and 50kg pigs and its palatability in the diets of nursery pigs were also evaluated. A total of 36 (15 kg) and 24 (50 kg) piglets were placed in metabolic cages for 12 days, with a 7-day adaptation period and 5 days of collection. Digestibility coefficients of dry matter, crude protein, digestible energy (DE), apparent metabolizable energy (AME) and apparent metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen were evaluated. The results showed that the FEPDA presented De 2994 and 3063 kcal/kg and AME 3353 and 3247 kcal/kg for pigs 15 and 50kg respectively. In another study, the levels of 0, 16 and 32% of FEPDA were tested in the diets of 36 piglets (weaned at 21 days). The diets were provided to all the experimental units. Only at the initial phase a higher feed intake in the 32% FEPDA was observed. No difference was observed at the final phase.In conclusion, the addition of 2% of the mixture of acetic and propionic acid in RB stored for 120 days aided in preserving its quality. This meal can be used at 20% in quail diet. The RB can be stored for up to 50 days and included in 12% in the diet of broilers. The FEPDA can be classified as a new ingredient, and it can be added up to 32% in the diets of piglets in the nursery phase.