Os conflitos étnico-religiosos em Castela durante o reinado de Alfonso X (1252-1284)

Abstract

The present research seeks to offer an analysis of social differentiation strategies that aimed at religious conversion, promoted by the Christian elite in Castile and Leon, during the 13th century, materialized in clothing, pictorial representations, definitions of devotional spaces and interethnic and interreligious interdicts. - matrimonial and sexual -, which tended to be tactically circumvented. The prevailing notion of tolerance did not necessarily include legal equality, much less respect for the devotion of others. From the analysis of literary and imagery documentation, at a secondary level, verses and illuminations of the Marian songbook (Cantigas de Santa Maria, second half of the 12th century), and legal (Fuero Real, 1255; Siete Partidas, 1256-1265) produced in the reign of Alfonso X, the Sage, ruler of the Kingdoms of Castile and Leon, between 1252 and 1284, it is intended to circumscribe religious issues that are permeated by political aspects. The interpretation that is exposed consists of an effort to highlight the tensions and conflicts underlying the experience of Sephardic and Mudejar religious practices through Cantigas that narrate the public destruction of images, blasphemy and Jewish massacres, understood as processes pervaded by political interests not only affiliated to the territorial expansionism driven by the Christian peninsular conquest, as well as by the political and ideological project of establishing a religious unity in medieval Iberia.