Avaliação de Sistemas de Produção Apícola na Agricultura Familiar

Abstract

In family agriculture, rationality is a factor that interferes in the production management. In apiarian systems, the decision-making process is complex and requires managing time from the apiarist in order to reach a satisfactory productivity, fitting its management especially to the region in which it is located. In this research, there has been an investigation of management in different apiarian systems, with the aim of evaluating and comparing apiarian production systems conducted by family farmers in their rural properties in the states of Paraíba (PB) and Rio Grande do Sul (RS). In the expectation of supporting an evaluation of the apiarists’ production in their apiarian production, a multi-criteria model was created and tested, composed by 4 major areas of interest, 11 different criteria and with 23 sub-criteria. The model was applied to 24 family farms: 12 in the Paraiban agreste and 12 in Rio Grande do Sul. The apiarian systems submitted to the test of the model were selected according to the scale of honey production. In PB, the G system (large scale) presented the highest performance (50,10 points), evidenced in the Productivity, Controls and Costs criteria. In RS, on the other hand, the M system (medium scale) presented the highest performance (47,91 points), standing out in the Quality Control, Productivity, Costs and Product Identification criteria. In a comparison between the P systems (low scale) in PB (38,43 points) and in RS (40,51 points), the best performance was verified in RS, revealed in the Productivity and Controls criteria. In a comparison between the M systems (medium scale) in PB (28,96 points) and in RS (47,91 points), the best performance was verified in RS, revealed in the Productivity, Controls, Commercial and Product Identification criteria. In a comparison between the G systems (large scale) in PB (50,10 points) and in RS (44,05 points), the best performance was verified in RS, revealed in the Quality Control, Productivity and Costs criteria. The set of criteria selected and the multicriteria model elaborated and tested were able to diagnose and identify the apiarian production system that presents the best productive performance of honey and allowed pointing out and comparing the strengths and weaknesses of the different systems that were analysed, within each one of the brazilian territories evaluated