A (re)produção da vida ou da metrópole pela perspectiva da justiça socioambiental.

Abstract

This dissertation sought to investigate how the dynamics of socio-spatial production develop in the intra-urban space of the city of Pelotas-RS, specifically, the occupations Beco do Egos, Estrada do Engenho and Vega, classified Areas of Special Social Interest (AEIS), according to III Municipal Master Plan. These are areas of the city are environmentally fragile places which lack public services and urban infrastructure. The Environmental Justice movements, which emerged in the 1980s, denounced the inequality in the distribution of pollution between social groups. In Brazil, entities such as the Federation of Social Assistance Bodies (FASE) list the lack of basic sanitation in the peripheries as an important factor of inequality. This research aims to demonstrate, in this sense, that the conditions of exposure to socio-environmental risks, of less access to public services and equipment in the AEIS, are the result of the contradictions and conflicts of the development model based on accumulation and unlimited growth, incompatible with the principle of socio-environmental justice and the right to a sustainable city, provided for in Article 2 of Federal Law No 10.257 / 2001. The legal guarantees of the right to a sustainable city served as research guidelines, in the verification of socio-environmental injustice, mapped and presented in the form of cartograms. In the qualitative dimension of the research, were conducted, field observations in the respective areas. The theoretical perspective is based on Marxist theory of capital accumulation, in critical Geography, in the everyday life Sociology, and most importantly, in Henri Lefebvre's Regressive-Progressive method, used in the spatio-temporal analysis of occupations. The results show that in most areas of socioenvironmental injustice, the income of residents is much lower than the average income of the administrative regions and the municipality. In addition, they also demonstrate that the constitution of such areas cannot be analyzed without considering historical, political and economic aspects of the city of Pelotas.