Rendimento de peneiras, armazenamento em condições controladas e crescimento inicial de plantas de milho conforme fração da espiga.

Abstract

The objective of this work was to evaluate sieve yield, initial growth and physiological performance and physical attributes along the storage of maize seeds produced in two environments according to the spike fraction. The experiment consisted of two chapters and comprised the years 2016, 2017 and 2018 in two growing environments, Pelotas and Entre Ijuís, RS, and in the storage of seeds for nine months. The seeds were classified in formats through the use of sieves of oblong holes to separate the borers from the round and round holes to obtain the large and small. In chapter I, it was evaluated the yield of sieves and the initial field performance of maize seeds produced in two environments according to the spike fraction. In sieve yield, the experimental design used was randomized blocks in a 2x4 factorial scheme (environments x formats) with 10 replicates. For the initial growth, the experimental design was randomized blocks in a 2x3x4 factorial scheme (environments x collection times x format) using 8 replicates. In chapter I, it was evaluated the yield of sieves and the initial field performance of maize seeds produced in two environments according to the spike fraction. In sieve yield, the experimental design used was randomized blocks in a 2x4 factorial scheme (environments x formats) with 10 replicates. For the initial growth, the experimental design was randomized blocks in a 2x3x4 factorial scheme (environments x collection times x format) using 8 replicates. In Chapter II, the physiological quality of maize seeds produced in two environments and stratified according to the fraction of the ear was evaluated in relation to periods of storage. In the experiment I, the seedlings of the environment of Ijuís present superiority to the length of the shoot, diameter of the colon, dry mass of root and dry mass of shoot, while in the environment Pelotas, present higher values for yield of sieves. The round and small seeds present values inferior to the yield of sieves, aerial part length, root length and lap diameter. In experiment II, the cultivation environments influence the magnitude of the physiological characters in maize seeds. The flat and large seeds present higher physiological quality in the studied variables. The round and small seeds present higher values for electrical conductivity and lower values for thousand mass, hectoliter weight, germination, first germination count, emergency speed index, dry mass of aerial part germination and dry mass of aerial part emergence. Corn seeds when stored under controlled conditions can be stored for long periods of time without significant loss of vigor.