Características de produção e qualidade de frutas de genótipos de amoreira-preta em sistema de produção orgânico

Abstract

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the phenology, vegetative development and production of blackberry (Rubus spp.), as well as the quality of the fruits from plants conducted in an organic production system. Evaluations were carried out during three harvests (2015-16, 2016-17 and 2017-18), in an area implanted in 2014, at the Embrapa Experimental Station Clima Temperado. The experiment consisted of six genotypes (Black 145, Black 128, Black 178, Black 112, 'Tupy' and 'Xingu'), without planting, with plants spaced 0.5 x 3.0m. The experimental design was completely randomized, with three replications and eight plants per plot. Phenological, production and fruit quality aspects were evaluated. In relation to phenology, the selection Black 178 showed to be the most precocious, differently of the selection Black 112, that in the experimental conditions, was the later one among the observed genotypes. In the region, berries began in November, during the first two years of evaluations, and in october in the last year of evaluation, extending until February. The Productivity among the genotypes varied in these three harvests. However in the 2017/2018 crop, all genotypes under study produced more than 10 ton.ha¯¹, except the selection Black 128 (6 ton.ha¯¹). The selection Black 178 showed a higher accumulated production with 32 ton.ha¯¹, showing to be a promising genotype to be grown in organic production system. The selection Black 145 produced fruits with high acidity and low value of ratio, presenting fruits more suitable for the industriy. The Black 178 produced fruits with high solids content and also a balanced SS/AT ratio, producing fruits with fitness for consemption “in natura”.