Maternagem e iniquidades à prática de atividade física de lazer: um estudo qualitativo no extremo sul do Brasil

Abstract

The aim of this study was to identify and discuss inequities that prevent or hinder mothers' access to leisure-time physical activity (LPA). This is an analytical-descriptive research study grounded in the theoretical framework of Collective Health, a critical approach that seeks to go beyond the biomedical model by prioritizing social aspects in the understanding of the health-disease process. The target population was mothers with young children who had previously engaged in some form of LPA. Recruitment occurred in five Family Health Units in Rio Grande, RS. Data were produced through interviews addressing topics such as support networks, self-care, domestic work, and LPA. The analysis was conducted using Discursive Textual Analysis. Nine women aged 23-36, with 1-4 children, were interviewed. All participants considered mothering a challenge to maintaining physical activity. The main barriers identified were: the overload of caregiving responsibilities, lack of support networks, and feelings of guilt when prioritizing solo activities. Facilitators included full-day schools and child-friendly spaces. We suggest that a renewed focus on existing programs and the promotion of the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS) as a gateway to LPA could help reduce inequities.