Os fundamentos ontológicos do pensamento pedagógico de Paulo Freire

Abstract

In this study, we present Paulo Freire's conception of the "social being" as the philosophical foundation of his pedagogical formulation, identifying the central categorical elements of his ontology. The research aims to reconstruct the logical time of his philosophical thought, that is, the spiritual result of his intellectual activity, highlighting the process of reasonable abstraction carried out by Paulo Freire to establish a particular representation of being and the world—the construction of the "Freirean social being". This reveals the realistic and dialectical nature of his Freirean thought, as well as his aversion to the objectivism and subjectivism of mechanistic tendencies present in philosophy. The study also seeks to present how Paulo Freire established the specific difference of the social being in dependent societies of the 20th century, especially in Brazil, which, constituting a kind of "social being of capital", highlights, among other aspects, the extent to which "banking" in education is suitable for the current Brazilian social formation. Finally, we aim to identify the elements of a new conformation of being, arising from the transformation of reality and consciousness, Paulo Freire's project of the "new social being", or the confirmation of the ontological vocation of being. Thus, we consider the reconstruction of Freirean ontological philosophy as an unavoidable starting point for researchers seeking to understand the complexity and radicalism of Paulo Freire's pedagogical thought.