Impacto do tamanho tumoral na malignidade dos neoplasmas mamários em cadelas

Abstract

This thesis aims to address the impact of tumor size of canine mammary neoplasms diagnosed at the Veterinary Oncology Service (SOVET), at the Federal University of Pelotas (UFPEL), from 2016 to 2021 and to relate this variable tumor size to factors related to the tumor (grade and malignancy) and related to the animal (gender, age, breed, contraceptive use and reproductive status). The first article evaluated different histological (tumor type and degree of malignancy) and epidemiological (age, breed, contraceptive use and reproductive status) parameters and related them to tumor size of canine mammary neoplasms. The present study was carried out from a survey of data from the casuistry of breast tumors in canines. The samples were obtained through biopsies and necropsies that were sent for anatomopathological diagnosis at the Veterinary Oncology Service of the Federal University of Pelotas (SOVET/UFPel) between the years 2016 and 2021. Considering the results shown, it was found that there is a significant association between tumor size and histological parameters related to tumor grades and types, as well as in relation to epidemiological parameters of race and use of contraceptives. However, tumor size does not seem to differ between patients' age or reproductive status categories. The second article aimed to investigate whether canine mammary neoplasms referred for anatomopathological diagnosis tended to change the size of tumors referred for diagnosis. These neoplasms were classified according to histological type and tumor size. Statistical analysis showed that the histological types of tubular carcinoma, papillary carcinoma and anaplastic carcinoma tended to increase tumor size and that carcinoma in a mixed tumor and carcinosarcoma tended to decrease tumor size in the years studied. Carcinomas may show an increase in tumor size due to the fact that they are not looking for the lack of knowledge and misunderstanding of signs presented by canines. Tumor size is considered a prognostic factor in breast cancer in female dogs, since tumors of larger diameters may be associated with worse prognoses and studies show that tumors of smaller size do not have regional or distant metastases and through this work it was possible to demonstrate the importance of assessing tumor size, with future studies being able to demonstrate the influence of this variable on the survival of patients affected by breast neoplasms.