Estudos relacionados ao manejo da resistência aos anti-helmínticos e da osteoartrite na criação de equinos

Abstract

In horse breeding, osteoarthritis and resistance to anthelmintics are some of the most common disorders related to animal management. In this context, systematic review studies with meta-analysis were conducted to understand and identify the most effective alternatives to solve these problems. The first study evaluated two widely used treatments to reduce clinical signs of lameness caused by joint degeneration in horses. A systematic review was conducted using four databases, selecting articles based on pre-determined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The effectiveness of the treatments was evaluated using the risk ratio method with a 95% confidence interval. The systematic review included 23 articles, and the meta-analysis included 16, resulting in the evaluation of 724 horses. All treatments were effective in reducing clinical signs of lameness caused by osteoarthritis in horses. However, polyacrylamide hydrogel was considered superior due to its longer duration of action and lower heterogeneity of response. In the second study, choices regarding sanitary management and helminth control were assessed through questionnaires administered to Criollo horse breeders in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The results revealed that the majority of owners inadequately perform sanitary management, with incorrect dosages and intervals between applications, and do not conduct efficacy tests, which can lead to the development of resistance to anthelmintics. The third study assessed the effectiveness of macrocyclic lactones in treating nematode infestations in horses through network meta-analysis. Five search databases were utilized, and articles were selected based on pre-established criteria. Out of the 617 articles found using the keywords, 36 were included in the systematic review, and 25 were included in the meta-analysis, totaling 2,770 evaluated horses. The results indicated no treatment protocol achieved a minimum efficacy of 95% in helminth reduction. Treatments combining macrocyclic lactones with other active ingredients, such as pyrantel and praziquantel, were considered the top-ranked treatments for reducing nematodes in horses.