Análise econômica anual da produção de um rebanho de cria estável de bovinos de corte no Rio Grande do Sul

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate economically a productive model of a beef cattle breeding herd in an extensive system at Rio Grande do Sul, based on computer simulation, during an entire year. It was realized two interviews in rural properties to diagnosis of the local reality, as Panel Method. The data for the simulation was calculated as effective and total operational cost, opportunity, fixed and variable, income, gross and net margin, result, balance point and profitability. All these indicators was preceded in Microsoft Office Excel spreadsheets®, according to the herd structure. The main costs was hand labor and feeding supply, and the land opportunity cost obtained the larger representativity, around 54%, inside the total cost. The fixed costs was more representative than the variable costs (63,9% vs 36,1%). The gross and net margin obtained positive values (R$390.363,98 and R$ 322.603,80), indicating that the business survive and become sustainable. The financial result was R$-129.517,82, showing that the analyzed productive system its economically inviable. It was not possible to reach the balance point with the weaning rate in 58%. It was necessary to produce 144.127 kg of calfs, increase to 78% the birth rate or increase to 29,4% the cull cows rate to reach the balance point. The productivity per cow was 73,9kg calf/mate cow, meat production of 90,5 kg/ha-1, offtake rate 32,7%, profitability -16% and lucratively -18,9% in the simulated herd. Decrease the costs with hand labor and the fixed costs are strategies to soften the costs in rural property, being the most important thing invest in feeding supply technologies to increase the productivity.