A educação social Pestalozziana e o Programa Mais Educação

Abstract

This research puts forth the possible evidence linking Pestalozzian Social Education and the Mais Educação program, mainly regarding the proposition of Full-time Education which has, over the course of centuries, attempted to take root in Brazilian public schools. Utilizing as a starting point, through the course of this investigation, the premise that Pestalozzian Social Theory encapsulates the conceptual foundation of the Mais Educação program. From a methodological standpoint the research characterizes itself, in its approach, as qualitative and, in its procedural dimension, as bibliographical. The findings of the investigation are analyzed in light of a hermeneutical and philosophical interpretation. Over the course of the study the works of Johann Pestalozzi are subjected to analysis, as well as the documents (laws, books, and productions) about the Mais Educação program (from 2007 to 2016). At first, the study explores the Genesis of Pestalozzian Social Education, its times and its dimensions. In this sense, the topics of discussion are the historical context of Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi; the philosophical, political and social principles of his theory; the elements of the method for elementary education proposed by the author: head, heart and hands; full-time development and the author’s conception of social education, as well as its influence over Brazilian education. In a secondary moment, the approximations and contributions between Pestalozzian Social Education and the Mais Educação program are debated, considering the historical construction of Full-Time Education in humanity, the foundation of the Mais Educação program, the proposal of Full-Time Education in the Mais Educação program, and the evidence of Pestalozzian Social Theory’s place in the Mais Educação program. Within the limits which every investigation is subject to, it is believed that the research demonstrated how Pestalozzian thought is present in the Mais Educação program. In the history of pedagogy, Pestalozzi is recognized as one of the most important references in the formation of a perspective for full-time development. As such, by analyzing the foundational principals of his social and educational theory and those which organize the idea of full-time education, present within the Mais Educação program, it is believed that there are strong convergences between these two objects of study. The research also demonstrated that the intentionality of both propositions bases itself and gains fertility from the social field, since both aim for a full-time formation. It is important to assert that both Pestalozzian theory as well as the Mais Educação program defend the idea of education as a social right, which is a core principle for human formation. It is comprehended, by the end, that the research which relies upon classical authors become relevant for the purposes of reflecting upon different phenomena (like the text of an educational policy) and for projecting lights in the direction of matters experienced in the educational context. As a classic author of pedagogy, Pestalozzi, with his theoretical production, still has much to contribute towards the edification of formative processes which commit themselves to creating a complete being.