Uma proposta para o ensino de química em busca da superação dos obstáculos epistemológicos

Abstract

This work is the result of an investigation into his own teaching practice in which he noted the need to develop methodologies that emphasize active student involvement, overcoming their passivity and arousing interest in the concepts taught in the classroom. Thus presents: A proposal for the teaching of chemistry in the effort to overcome the epistemological obstacles that aims to use conceptual maps and models, propose strategies for problem situations, aiming to overcome the epistemological obstacles checked in teaching concepts related to the study of Chemical Bonds. The theoretical framework brings in the Epistemology of Gaston Bachelard and his propositions to the concept of epistemological obstacle. The methodology adopted approaches of action research (Andre, 2008) with a qualitative approach and data collection occurred through the organization and development of didactic unit, in which nine (09) meetings were held. These occurred in the months from August to October 2013 with a class of first year-Polytechnic High School. The analysis of data was descriptively (Lüdke and Andre, 2012), for didactic activities during the Didactic Unit and the Textual Discourse Analysis (Moraes, 2003) to analyze the prints from the subjects investigated. The results demonstrate that the work contributed to the growth of the group investigated, stimulating learning and interest in the subject of chemistry, which leads to indicate that the improvement of teaching in schools requires the teacher to reframe scientific knowledge through innovative methodologies by encouraging students to participate actively in the construction of their learning. As a result one has to overcome the epistemological obstacles effecting the construction and the scientific spirit teaches us how Bachelard (1996).