Discursos pró-direita nos anos 1960 no Brasil

Abstract

In the middle a serious political, economic, and social crisis, the 1960s in Brazil represented a milestone in Brazilian history. In this sense, this study seeks to highlight this milestone from the perspective of the pro right-wing civil movements that acquired enormous space in the Brazilian scenario, leading to the military takeover in early 1964 and, consequently, to 21 years of military regime. Therefore, the main objective was to identify the pro right-wing discursive creations between the years 1960-1967 in Brazil. From a theoretical-methodological choice based on poststructuralist and post-foundationalist bases, Laclau and Mouffe's discourse theory was used as a central element for the construction of the analysis chapters, through categories such as elements, moments, articulation, nodal point, empty signifier, antagonism, field of discursiveness, hegemony, logic of equivalence, and conditions of emergence. The qualitative analysis was done by collecting documents in the digital collections of the Sistema de Informações do Arquivo Nacional (SIAN) and Accessus - Fundação Getúlio Vargas (FGV). As a final result, the thesis developed here is that the discursive construction established by the pro right-wing was based on two great signifiers, which were identified by the notions of democracy and development, from a great antagonistic cut: communism. In this sense, the pro rightwing discursive constitution that became hegemonic during the years analyzed here was based on a discourse that sought to guide the construction of a society based on characteristics of a politics of Truth, Man, Natural Law, Equality, Civic Friendship, Common Good, Social Justice and Representative System.