Análise epidemiológica da leptospirose na Mesorregião Centro Oriental/RS, 2010-2019

Abstract

Leptospirosis is a zoonosis of great importance due to its productive impact and risk to public health. This dissertation aims to evaluate the incidence of leptospirosis in the Central Eastern Mesoregion/RS, from 2010 to 2019. For the development of the study, databases generated by the National System of Notifiable Diseases (SINAN) were analyzed. During the study period, in the 54 municipalities of the study region, 1242 cases of leptospirosis were reported, of which 52 evolved to death as a result of the disease, most (74.6%) occurred in rural areas. In the analysis of risk factors, it was found that people with advanced age and less access to education are more likely to die as a result of this disease. Leptospirosis is an endemic disease in the mesoregion, with a case fatality rate of 4.1%. The distribution of cases varied throughout the study period, but some municipalities in the three microregions registered a high incidence of cases (>20 cases per 100,000 inhabitants). According to the GAM analysis, these three microregions recorded peaks of the disease in 2014 and 2019. A significant association of socioeconomic and environmental variables with the incidence of leptospirosis in the mesoregion was verified. This dissertation consists of two scientific articles referring to the analysis of risk factors for leptospirosis.