O (retorno ao) estado de natureza no âmbito internacional de acordo com a obra de Thomas Hobbes

Abstract

In Hobbes's proposal for Political Philosophy we note that human nature is not only bad, but endowed with passions and needs, and man is born naturally free and entitled to all possible goods. The problem occurs in the dispute with other men, equally free and also in the dispute for the same goods, this is barbarism and war. Here the inhabitants themselves note that there is a need for agreement -concordance- even if discordant, for survival. Fear is the fundamental element that leads men to settle with other men to prevent barbarism, tragedy and scourge from being the endless rule. Here we have that part of the freedom is delegated to the sovereign and the force to him is delegated to the Salus Populi and the use of the gládio. The sovereign who comes from the collective of individuals is the result of these, but he has not made a pact with them. It is a secondary, artificial, personified entity who will be the actor in the international field - or inter-nations - with other states personified. Here the return to the state of nature in the original molds, since all are equal and have right to everything and the line that prevents that the direct aggressions and disputes between the States is very fine in the problem evidenced in this Master's Dissertation. Thus efforts to ensure that States do not repeat what individuals once held before the conception of the State were given in a formal way, with treaties, diplomatically or mediatically. But in practice there is no thing that prevents a strong state from accomplishing its will when a need arises, as it does with an individual in the state of nature.