Análise do uso de fibras lignocelulósicas obtidas de talos de cascas de bananas na produção de placas termo isolantes.

Abstract

The need for new materials has been growing in the industries lately, because of the gap generated by conventional materials. Some of these shortcomings have arisen due to the tightening of environmental impacts, as in the case of asbestos fiber, which was widely used in building activities, such as in tiles, insulators, water tanks, etc. In addition, the requirements related to the product market, such as the cost reduction, the desire to add several properties in a single material, the performance improvement and endurance, the weight reduction and the achievement of new physical, chemical and mechanical properties, are the object of numerous studies concerning product development. This reality made the research for the development of new materials grow exponentially over the past century, when synthetic fibers started being widely used in polymeric matrices, seeking the development of new products for different purposes. However, over the major development occurred, a big deposition problem was generated by the production of synthetic fibers, given its fossil origin that provides them a low rate of biodegradability. To solve this situation, it is necessary to develop research using renewable raw materials, biodegradable and recyclable products, and cellulose fiber is a great alternative to this situation. Considering these problems, the present study evaluates the feasibility of using lignocellulosic fibers derived from stalks of banana peel as a source of raw material for the production of non-structural ceramic masses of white cement, intended to produce insulating boards. For this purpose, in the first moment, lignocellulosic fiber of stalks of banana peel was obtained and analyzed chemically and micro structurally. Then formulations of ceramic body consisting of lignocellulosic fibers and non structural white cement were prepared and characterized physically and mechanically. Finally, insulating boards obtained from ceramic bodies were obtained and characterized thermally. The results were effective for obtaining insulating boards.