Cenário da economia criativa na cidade de Pelotas/RS: uma análise sob a ótica do sistema de capitais

Abstract

The importance of cities has grown exponentially, with the increase in their population. As a result, economic activities, social and cultural interactions have focused on them. However, this growth has been based on an industrial economic model that increasingly requires inputs, which generate waste and environmental impacts. This model is no longer viable, as it compromises sustainable development. So, the need arises for an economic model that includes not only the economic dimension, but also the social and environmental dimensions. In this context, the knowledge-based development (DBC) approach is inserted. DBC considers different dimensions of value that can be attributed to a location, whether tangible or intangible. It values local specificities, potential and resources. In this context, the creative economy (CE) presents itself as a viable alternative for sustainable socioeconomic growth, with a development strategy based on intangible assets such as creativity, culture and knowledge, with a focus on local potential. Thus, the objective proposed for this dissertation is to build a framework for the development of the creative economy based on the comparative analysis of the Capital System of Pelotas/RS and Bento Gonçalves/RS. The capital system (SC) presents itself with a taxonomy of indicators that allows identifying, in the different dimensions of value, the attributes necessary for the development of CE. The city of Bento Gonçalves/RS won the 2019 MAKCi Award, in the City of Emerging Knowledge category, being recognized as one of the most admired in the world. For this reason, comparative effects with the city of Pelotas/RS were chosen. The study was developed using a mixed methods approach, based on the SC model in the version of the taxonomy used by MAKCI (Most Admired Knowledge Cities). The structure of the Framework generated has in the central part the structure of the capital system and the key elements that relate the capital system to the creative economy, in a circular structure. At the base of the model, connecting assets and liabilities is the process that will leverage the city's creative economy. In terms of assets and liabilities, the results found identified financial capital as the main liability in comparison with the city of Bento Gonçalves, accompanied by identity capital and intangible instruments. In a systemic perspective, entrepreneurship and tourism were considered levers for strengthening the creative economy in the city, through the formation of a working group that integrated, with the participation of society, organisations and government around a joint guideline.