Santa Vitória do Palmar e Chuí/RS : dos campos neutrais com atributos climáticos peculiares a território da política do clima .

Abstract

The present work aims to understand the constitution and strengthening of the Brazilian wind-electric sector, the forms of land use defined by it, especially in the municipalities of Santa Vitória do Palmar and Chuí, located on the southern coast of Rio Grande do Sul South. These municipalities, abundant in wind, became the target of interests of companies linked to the renewable energy sector, when this natural resource began to have its value increased, due to economic incentives of all kinds. This process of wind valorization as an energetic resource in the country and the normatization necessary for the implementation of the wind farms is explored in the second chapter of the work. In order to reach the proposed objective, the theoretical revision of concepts such as territory used, norm, territory, horizontalities, verticalities and technical systems, among other geographic concepts, was first carried out. This review was followed by an analysis of the climate policy, programs and legislation that stimulated and regulated the generation and distribution of wind energy in the country, state and municipalities, which allowed to decipher the normative and institutional organization of the wind-electric system from the description Chronological review of legislation that benefited the eolic-electric sector and the analysis of environmental legislation and institutional documents concerning the licensing of productive activities related to it. In the third chapter, on a local scale, the analysis carried out allowed: the identification of local attributes capable of guaranteeing efficiency in the production of energy; The mapping of all the licenses issued by FEPAM to the Campos Neutral Wind Complex, seeking to understand the constitution of an integrated production system from these licenses; The identification and analysis of changes in the use and occupation of land in the area of wind farms through mapping; And, finally, the analysis of the reflexes of the installation and operation of the Campos Neutral Wind Complex in the territorial organization and the socio-spatial dynamics of the municipalities. After all, in this territory with a favorable attribute, but subordinated to a globalized economic logic of corporate rationalities, tensions are generated in the space used and transformations in the organization and in the territorial dynamics. We then analyze this new way of exploring nature and engaging it in the general process of production and reproduction of capital.