Alvorecer da esperança: dos diálogos entre círculos de cultura, Ondjango e Otchiwo à educação libertadora em angola – o caso ovimbundu na Ganda/Benguela.

Abstract

This doctoral thesis makes a reflection on the dialogical relationship between culture circles and ondjango and otchiwo, in order to think about education as a practice of liberation in Angola, concretely, grounded on the ovimbundu case of Ganda-Benguela. And that is the reason explaining the idea of a "Hope’s Dawning". The thesis is about the rethinking of an ondjangotchiwian education; one that can provide substantial changes, struggle for an effective democratization, promote the universalization of the rights, and overcome the traces of the cultures and of the pedagogies of the "amen" still present in the angolan reality which is unequal, authoritarian, marked by social exclusion, and sexism. For this purpuse, based on studies developed in the Program of Post-Graduation in Education of the Federal University of Pelotas, in the Research Line of Philosophy and History of Education, and in the Research Group “Philosophy, Education and Social Praxis (FEPráxiS)” we selected the main concepts of the three pedagogic proposals as indicators that could conduct to the education above mentioned: dialogue, participation, and freedom. In face of this subject, there came to be an initial hypothesis that could either be confirmed or denied in the course of the investigation. Such hypothesis was synthesized in the following words: the pedagogies of ondjango and otchiwo, revitalized by the dialogues with the culture circles, can impel an education as a practice of liberation in Angola, one that is capable of struggling against the traces of the «amen» culture and pedagogy still present in Angolan world. For the accomplishment of this study, my references have been Freire, Nunes, Altuna, Kavaya, and several authors of national and international recognition. We have submitted the investigation to public debate in two dialogical loci: Ganda/Angola and Unisinos/Brazil. In Angola, making use of tools such as the teaching and learning participatory dialogues, images (pictures and videos) and audio recordings, we have gone into an arduous work with two primary speakers (a man and a woman) and other secondary informers, with the objective of reaching a deeper understanding of ondjango (masculine dialogical space) and otchiwo (feminine dialogical space). In Brazil, through studies accomplished in Unisinos, linked to the Research Line "Education and Processes of Social Exclusion", the goal has been to experience a contemporary version of Culture Circles. Both in Angola and in Brazil, it was possible to conclude that the keyelements for a liberatory education are dialogue, participation, and freedom. Therefore, it was possible to confirm the initial hypothesis according to which, the pedagogies of ondjango and otchiwo, revitalized by the dialogues with the culture circles, can impel an education as a practice of liberation in Angola, grounded on the world of the Ovimbundu people in Ganda-Benguela; one that is capable of struggling against the traces of the «amen» culture and pedagogy still present in Angolan world and that appear as pressing inequalities, subtle authoritarianisms, under lamb layer, explicit exclusion and pathological sexism. Throughout my research, the hermeneutical-dialogical-ondjangotchiwian phenomenology made up the dense method for the understanding of Angolan reality and for the discussion of possibilities and limits of the researched pedagogical theories.