Arqueologia do Capitalismo em Pelotas: um estudo da cultura material do Século XIX.

Abstract

This investigation demonstrates the process of capitalist transformation of the city of Pelotas through architecture and urbanization of spaces. I relate the economic-social-political history of the city during the 19th century with the material urban culture in the identification of the capitalist archaeological context. The relationship based on the contrast between the data from a bibliographic study on the context of capitalist insertion in the region in the confrontation with material culture in Pelotas. I use different disciplines in the interaction with Archeology for the characterization and processing of material culture, investigating Architecture, the idea of monumentality and the locations of the archaeological context. I developed and deepened, in the identification of interpretative attributes, the interaction with the concepts developed by Historical Dialectical Materialism, such as: alienated work, commodity fetish and individual objectification. The concepts constitute an interpretive framework that was used to recognize the process of emergence and rise of the local charqueadora elite (dried meat factory owners). The emergence took place in the context of the exploitation of enslaved labor and was consolidated, presenting its alienated surplus through "opulence" and monumentality in constructions and artifacts of the urban environment.