A unidade da Razão: acerca da relação entre razão teórica e prática em Kant.

Abstract

The present work is an investigation into the unity of reason in Kant's thought and the relation between theoretical and practical reason. For Kant, reason is only one, and thus the theoretical and the practical are closely related in Kant's philosophy. The German philosopher still considers that practical reason has priority over the theoretical use of reason, since it is our responsibility in the world and the ability to create actions and make the free subject to act in the world. What unites the two distinct domains of reason, the theoretical and the practical, is the systematic characteristic that our reason presents. Reason is ordered by the idea of system, system understood as a larger instance that organizes and orders the particularity of our knowledge. In this way, the theoretical and the practical appear as ordered in a larger system that recognizes both spheres as fundamental constituents of the rational human faculty. The unity of reason is for Kant a need for us not to perceive our rational faculties as fragmentary and disjointed, but as structured in an organized and coherent set that guarantees the knowability of theoretical and practical discourse in the field of philosophy.