A relação entre “regnum” e “ecclesia” na teoria política de João Quidort.

Abstract

In the political discussions that took place in medieval philosophy, the problem of the relationship between church and government stands out. This discussion gained prominence due to the various disputes between the clergy and the governments in the Middle Ages. In the fourteenth century, John of Paris writes a treatise named On Royal and Papal Power in which he seeks to argue about the subject. In his work the philosopher discusses in detail the true attribution of the clergy and civil rulers in order to find a middle ground between two distinct positions: those who advocated a radical separation of kingdom and church and the position of those who defended that the kingdom was subject to the power of the church. This middle ground consists in determining the functions of both spheres, establishing civil government as a government exercised by an individual, whose purpose is to guarantee the common good and to guide individuals to life according to virtue, while ecclesiastic's power is concerned with the sacraments of the church, which are the connection of this life with eternal life. The objective of this work is to investigate the principles, arguments and theses defended in On the Power Regal and Papal by John of Paris.