Produção de biomassa vegetal e fertilização com húmus líquido como estratégia técnica em sistemas de produção de base ecológicarodução de biomassa vegetal e fertilização com húmus líquido como estratégia técnica em sistemas de produção de base ecológica

Abstract

Concerns about the future of production systems promote worldwide discussions on models that can minimize the impacts of anthropogenic action on natural resources. Agroecology emerges in this context as a potential pathway for the balance between production and conservation, however, it needs a greater elucidation on the impacts of adopting practices in different environments. Increase biomass to the production system and used local fertilizer sources are options for techniques to promote renewal of resource in agriculture. In the context, the aim of the study was to analyze possible combinations of different plant species of green manures and fertilization with vermicompost tea in the technical strategies that potentiate the agroecological production systems in the production of vegetal biomass and in the capacity of the soil to exert functions in the agroecosystem. An experimental area was divided into beds of 1 m x 15 m where treatments were dispensed. The experimental desing was a randomized complete block design (4x2) with four green manures (crotalaria, millet, mucuna and spontaneous vegetation) and two doses of earthworm humus (0 Mg ha-1 and 6 Mg ha-1). The application of vermicompost occurred in liquid form. The variables analyzed included development parameters of the plants, with collection of plants in four periods, and soil variables, measured between the vegetative period and the period of decomposition of the biomass. Crotalaria and millet were higher in dry matter production and fertilization with vermicompost tea showed no difference in the vegetative development of the green manure species at the dose used. In the physical attributes of soil density and resistance to penetration a natural soil densification was visualized, without the interference of the treatments. The pH presented soil acidification and the electrical conductivity increased its values in the period evaluated. Most of the treatments were positive in soil carbon accumulation. Fertilization with vermicompost tea mainly influenced the dynamics of nitrogen, with organic nitrogen in the 0-5 cm layer and the nitrate in the layer of 5-10 cm. The biodiversity of edafauna showed higher values of richness, abundance, diversity and equability in the period of greater development of the vegetal biomass.