Ensaios sobre taxa de formação de empresas: uma análise para os municípios gaúchos

Abstract

This dissertation is composed by two articles which aim to contribute for the research agenda in entrepreneurship in an economic perspective. The first article “Firm’s Formation Rate in the Rio Grande do Sul: Spatial displacements and the relationship with the economic growth” aims to identify spatial regimes or clusters of firm’s formation and its relation with economic growth. For that, it was developed a method of estimation of firm’s formation rate based on micro data for the 496 municipality of the Rio Grande do Sul state. The results suggest the presence of clusters of new firm formation for the recent years, unlike what occurred in the mid of last decade. This indicates that the locational aspect is gaining importance for the formation of new businesses. It was observed a convergence in the new firm formation index, leading to a reduction of the disparity of the number of incumbents firms among regions. Furthermore, the results shows that even in regions located in developing countries the formation of new firms has significantly positive effects in the economic growth. This result has important policies implications and shed more lights on the understanding of the relations of entrepreneurship and economic growth. The second article “The business structure and the firm’s formation rate: analyses of its dynamic” aims to analyses whether or not the business structure of a region has impact in its new firm formation rate. Empirical evidence applied to 496 municipalities in Rio Grande do Sul (RS) confirm previous research which found that new firm formation is stimulated in regions with relatively high proportion of small incumbents’ firms. However, unlike previous research, our results also show that this relation is more complex, following a U type of curve. That is, the formation of new businesses increases when there is growth in the proportion of large companies in the region, which resembles the agglomeration economies of Porter.