Formas farmacêuticas de liberação controlada para administração de minerais orgânicos

Abstract

This study aimed to develop new intravaginal and biodegradable formulations for the controlled administration of organic minerals in ruminants. Two different pharmaceutical forms were developed: an intravaginal polymeric sheet and intravaginal polymeric spheres as alternatives to traditional oral administrations in ruminants. The two formulations were evaluated for their macroscopic characteristics, as well as pH, apparent viscosity and in vitro erosion / dissolution time. Both formulations were also submitted to an in vivo assay, in which 30 sheep were divided into 6 groups to evaluate the bioavailability of calcium administered intravaginally through the two dosage forms, compared to an oral solution in ruminants. Samples of blood were collected at the following times: -24, 0; 1; 2; 3; 4; 5; 6; 7; 8; 10; 12; 14; 16; 24; 48 and 72 hours in relation to the administration of the treatments, to evaluate the concentrations of total calcium, magnesium, total plasma proteins, aspartate aminotranferase, gamma glutamyl transpeptidase, urea, creatinine and albumin. The animals also underwent a weight evaluation, averaging 42 kilos and were clinically monitored every 6 hours for heart rate, respiratory rate, rectal temperature, mucosal coloring and ruminal movements. The results showed that the intravaginal device in spherical shape is a more promising alternative for controlled administration of calcium in ruminants, since it ensured a considerable bioavailability of calcium in the treated animals compared to the intravaginal sheet and oral administration. Moreover, the ease of dose fractionation and the biodegradability of the intravaginal spheres are relevant factors that confirm the potential of these formulations.