Fungos anemófilos e leveduras isolados em ambientes de laboratórios de microbiologia em Instituição de Ensino Superior

Abstract

The fungi present in atmospheric air are called airborne, which is the dispersion medium habitat most used by these microorganisms, which have the ability to colonize different natural substrates and efficiently. Thus, there can hardly fungal contamination-free environment. Fungal concentrations in the environment are influenced by several factors, including environmental factors and physical factors that can increase the number of propagules in the environment. The airborne fungi can cause problems such as deterioration of materials, allergies, poisoning and infections. Thus, the presence of these microorganisms in microbiology laboratories can cause major economic problems, diagnostic and research related to quality, and the potential to cause harm to the health of the people working on site. When making up the use of bio-security standards, monitoring of fungi becomes then necessary for proper environmental control, thus avoiding contamination and infections. The aim of this study was the isolation and identification of the fungal microbiota present in nine teaching laboratories, research and extension of the Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel) during the period from February to November 2015, covering the four seasons. The technique used was settling in Petri dishes containing Sabouraud dextrose agar medium with added cloranfenical. During the study were collected 228 monthly cards from weeks collection of nine laboratories totaling 912 cards at the end of the experiment, which were isolated from a total of 5101 Colony Forming Units (CFU). As the seasonal, autumn was the season that had the highest number of CFU, corresponding to 35% (1808/5101) of the total found, already in winter yielded only 17.3 % (884/5101). Compared to fungal isolation, Cladosporium genre represented 46.3 % of the CFU, followed by Penicillium fungi and not characterized as gender, due to the absence of reproductive mycelium, then being classified as "sterile aerial mycelium". There was no significant difference between the number of CFU found in different laboratories, as well as there was no difference in the number of CFUs in different environments belonging to the laboratories. The prevalent genera were Cladosporium and Penicillium.