Tratamento de sementes de melancia, melão e abóbora com abamectina: qualidade fisiológica e controle de Meloidgyne javanica

Abstract

The aim of this work was evaluate the effect of chemical treatment on physiological seed quality and on the control of Meloidogyne javanica in pumpkin, melon and watermelon plants. Three lots of seeds were used for each crop. The treatments were constituted for untreated seed (ST1) and combination of active ingredients: abamectin (nematicide) at doses of 0.075g (ST 2); 0.150 g (ST 3); 0.300g (ST4) and 0,600g (ST 5) ia1000 seed-1, combined with thiabendazole (fungicide) and thiamethoxam (insecticide) at dose 0,08003g n 0,0192g per 1000 seeds, respectively. The spray volume used was 4.9 ml per 1000 seeds. The seeds were put to dry in temperature environment for 24 hours. The evaluations were carried out by germination test, first count, cold test, accelerated aging, fresh weight, and root and shoot dry weight, shoot and root lengths, index of seedling emergence and emergence. In additional assessment to evaluate the efficiency in the control of M. javanica, where the treated seeds were sown seedlings in trays and transplanted to pots of 1.8 liters, which were applied 10 mL of M. javanica suspension with 5.000 eggs. At 55 days after sowing were evaluated the number of galls, egg number and reproduction factor. Seed treatment with abamectin until 0.600g combined with 0,0803g of thiabendazole and 0,192g of thiamethoxam has controlled the infestation M. javanica of watermelon, melon and pumpkin roots. The dose of 0.600g abamectin + F + I, improved to germination, accelerated aging, Seedling length and index of seed emergence. The dose 0.075 g of abamectin + F + I improved the performance of melon and pumpkin seeds by cold test. The dose 0.600g of abamectin + F + I, promoted the production of dry weight in pumpkin plants.