Educação Física nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental: intensidade dos esforços físicos e conteúdos desenvolvidos

Abstract

This cross-sectional, school-based study aimed to characterize Physical Education classes in the initial years of elementary education in public and private schools in the city of Pelotas, RS. The duration and intensity of the physical efforts, contents developed and action of the teacher during the classes were analyzed. The sample comprised 19 schools in the urban and rural areas of the city, totaling 93 classes and 404 students. For the observations of the 275 classes of Physical Education was The System for Observing Fitness Instruction Time (SOFIT) instrument was used. The level of student physical activity during class was measured by the Actigraph wGT3X + accelerometer. The mean duration of physical education classes observed by SOFIT was 29.9 minutes (SD 8.1). Of these, 14.2 minutes (47.8%) were spent in sedentary activities, 7.8min (26.2%) in mild activities, 2.8min (9.3%) in moderate activities and 4.9 minutes (16 , 7%) in vigorous physical activities according to the accelerometry. The context of the most frequent classes was structured content games (36.0%). Already the action of the teacher managing (45.6%) was the most observed. It was highlighted the need for a Greater use of class time for the development of moderate to vigorous physical activities. However, Physical Education from the 1st to 5th year was structured and planned in relation to the teacher's action and the contents eveloped.