Análise de sinais sistêmicos induzidos por estímulos abióticos simples e combinados em plantas de feijão

Abstract

To survive in a dynamic environment being fixed to the ground, plants have developed mechanisms for monitoring and perceiving the environment. Once the stimulus is perceived, a series of signals are induced and can be propagated away from the stimulated site (systemic signaling). The literature mainly addresses three distinct types of systemic signals: (i) electrical; (ii) hydraulic; and (iii) chemical, which differ not only in their nature, but also in their propagation speed. Although most studies assess systemic signs after the application of simple stimuli, in nature, plants are under the influence of two or more stimuli (biotic or abiotic). The combination of stimuli can promote the activation of new genes and signaling mechanisms that are explicitly activated, as well as the emergence of a new response. In this sense, this study aimed to evaluate the behavior of electrical (electroma) and hydraulic signals, after the application of simple and combined stimuli in bean plants. For analysis, simple and combined stimuli were applied, in order to identify biochemical responses and extract information from patterns of electrical and hydraulic dynamics. Changes in the profile of bioelectrical (electroma) and hydraulic signals (turgor pressure variation) were evaluated by means of time series analysis and classification by machine learning, comparing the conditions before and after the application of the stimuli, and oxidative responses at the local and systemic levels. Our results showed that changes in electroctroma are different between types of stimuli, including the combination of these, and that these electrical signals are accompanied by systemic changes in hydraulic and oxidative dynamics.