Práticas de cuidado a ansiedade num Centro de Atenção Psicossocial e Unidades Básicas de Saúde

Abstract

Anxiety disorders are among the most common mental disorders and affect a large proportion of the adult population. The estimated prevalence of anxiety disorders worldwide is 7.3%, and they account for a high proportion of the global burden of suffering. The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on mental health as it has created multiple stressors, including fear, job loss, and loneliness. Likewise, climate change has contributed to increased levels of anxiety, and many have experienced the need to struggle to overcome the current situation, which has resulted in increased levels of anxiety. The aim of the study was to understand the practices carried out by professionals from a Psychosocial Care Center and Basic Health Units in the territory in the care of anxiety. This is a qualitative, descriptive and exploratory research study that took place in the city of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul. The data collected based on semi-structured interviews and field diary records were analyzed according to Minayo's content analysis. The interviews were conducted with professionals who are part of the team of a Psychosocial Care Center composed of nurses, psychologists, social workers, nursing technicians and artisans, as well as nurses from the six Basic Health Units in the territory from April 8 to May 30, 2024. This thesis was approved by the Ethics and Research Committee of the Faculty of Nursing under opinion number 6,759,8969 and resulted in three articles. 1. Care practices employed in young people and adults with anxiety: an integrative review; 2. Practices carried out in mental health aimed at caring for anxiety in a Psychosocial Care Center and Basic Health Units in the territory; 3. Users seeking care for anxiety at the Psychosocial Care Center and Basic Health Units in the territory and proposals pointed out for care in these services. Reception, active listening and referrals emerge as fundamental strategies in the care of individuals with anxiety disorders in the Basic Health Units of the territory. Workshops and therapeutic groups with dance, music therapy and various outings were highlighted as efficient tools in the care of users with anxiety disorders in the Psychosocial Care Center. It was possible to observe the growing demand for services by adolescents and young people with anxiety disorders; however, resistance and adherence to treatment are notorious. On the other hand, elderly people attend services and seek care with good adherence to treatment. Thus, the results of this study show that health professionals recognize the importance of holistic approaches in the care offered to users with anxiety disorders, which has fueled interest in integrative and complementary practices.