Mapeamento de processos da etapa de planejamento de obras públicas: o caso da execução indireta de obras de engenharia em uma universidade pública do Rio Grande do Sul

Abstract

Public procurement between 2019 and 2022 represented approximately 30% of investment in civil construction in Brazil, highlighting the importance of critically analyzing the processes involved in these contracts. Literature indicates that cost and deadline overruns are common in public works, and it can be inferred that Knowledge Management, integrated with Process Mapping, can help reduce these contractual changes. The overall objective of this study is to investigate how Process Mapping in the procurement planning stage can contribute to optimizing the indirect execution process of public engineering works at a Brazilian public university. To this end, qualitative, exploratory research was conducted, outlined through a case study, following a seven-step methodological sequence, including documentary research, analysis of archival records, direct observation, and semi-structured interviews. As a result, AS-IS and TO-BE mappings were prepared for 15 processes and/or activities under the immediate responsibility of the Works and Physical Planning Coordination of the Federal University of Pelotas, using Bizagi® software, making organizational processes standardizable, documentable and traceable, contributing to Knowledge Management. The TO-BE maps were developed by proposing improvements based on weaknesses identified in the interviews, document analysis, and archival records. Among the research's contributions are the practical application of the Process Mapping tool in the routines of the Works and Physical Planning Coordination; the reorganization of workflows based on data collected through tacit and explicit knowledge; the development of the maps considering Law No. 14,133/2021, contributing to the adaptation of institutional routines to the new public procurement regime; and the reduction of informality in the mapped organizational processes. The research's limitations include the small number of processes instructed under the new law by the university under study and the fact that only the processes under the immediate responsibility of the Works and Physical Planning Coordination were mapped. For future studies, it is recommended to expand the mapping to other phases of contracting, carry out longitudinal monitoring of the impacts of improvements, and apply the maps to other public organizations.