Avaliação da silagem de colostro equino e potencial probiótico de Lacticaseibacillus casei P054 oriundo de colostro bovino

Abstract

Fermentation is a process to obtain energy without the presence of oxygen gas, the anaerobic fermentation of colostrum (colostrum silage) is an option for packaging and maintaining the nutritional constituents of this food without the need for cooling. The importance of colostrum silage is that the maintenance of physical and chemical characteristics to obtain colostrum in natura, as well as the presence of microorganisms with probiotic potential. In this context, the present study aimed to evaluate equine colostrum silage and test the in vitro probiotic activity of Lacticaseibacillus casei P054 from colostrum and bovine colostrum silage. The results showed that L. casei P054 tolerated different adverse conditions, with no reduction in its cell growth. It was also observed that the isolate showed antagonist activity against the tested pathogens, all antimicrobials tested, with the exception of sulfonamide and survived the simulated gastrointestinal transit. The results suggest that the isolate L. casei P054 has probiotic potential in vitro. Subsequently, cattle (n=10) received orally a suspension of 4×109 CFU of L. casei. Control group cattle (n=10) received 20 mL of PBS solution. The animals were treated daily for 35 days. Five days after the beginning of the treatments, the cattle were vaccinated with commercial vaccine against IBR, being revaccinated 21 days after the first dose. In vitro stimulation of bovine splenocytes with L. casei P054 showed a significant increase in IL2, IL4, IL10 and IL17 mRNA transcription levels when compared to control stimulated with Concanavalin. It was observed that from seven days after the first dose of vaccine until the end of the experiment, the group of animals that received supplementation showed higher levels of anti-BoHV-1 IgG (p<0.05). Additionally, mRNA transcription levels for IL2, IL4, IL10 and IL17 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from supplemented animals were higher than control animals (p<0.05). Thirty-five equine colostrum samples were collected and evaluated for physicochemical, microbiological and immunoglobulin G concentration. However, it was found that one of the limitations for the use of the technique is the amount of colostrum produced by the female. Therefore, the results demonstrate that the anaerobic fermentation of equine colostrum up to 365 days maintains the evaluated colostral constituents similar to in natura colostrum and L. casei P054 has potential as a probiotic in vitro and induces an immunomodulatory effect in bovine splenocytes, therefore, supplementation of cattle with L. casei P054 has an effect as a modulator in the immune response against the BoHV-1 vaccine.