Focos de incêndios em Mato Grosso e Mato Grosso do Sul e suas relações com as variáveis meteorológicas e eventos de friagens

Abstract

In Mato Grosso (MT) and Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), tropical and extratropical characteristics occur throughout the year, with seasonality of rainfall and temperatures varying between 0°C and 40°C. In the dry season, there are high concentrations of active fire (FI) and a higher frequency of cold in the region. Thus, the study aimed to determine relationships between FI, meteorological variables (air temperature “T2M”, precipitation “TP” and air humidity “R”) and cold events in MT and MS (2003 to 2018). The region presents itself with a TP regime well distributed throughout the year, with the months of July to September being the driest, with lower values of specific humidity (Q), greater thermal amplitudes and with lower values of R, especially in MT. Altitude and latitude were determining factors in the behavior of meteorological variables in the region. The period from 2003 to 2018 was warmer, with less moisture content and less rain compared to normal weather conditions (1981 to 2010). FIs occurred with greater scope and quantity in MT, with August and September being the most active months in both states. The correlation was greater between FI and TP in MT, and FI and R in MS, being more correlated in wet months. The atmospheric environment indicated in both states the presence of a crest at altitude, anticyclonic flow at medium and low levels; in addition to the increase in T2M and decrease in R. Regarding the cooling performance, there was an increase in the daily number of FI in both states, with a greater proportion in MS. The phenomenon intensifies the situation of low R values in the region, which may have contributed to the greater FI.