A efetividade do composto 1,4-anidro-4-seleno-D-talitol (SeTal) e biomateriais poliméricos no tratamentos de lesões semelhantes a dermatite atópica em camundongos

Abstract

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the most common chronic skin diseases that is characterized by reddish lesions, with high itching and scaling (eczematous lesions), triggered by an inflammatory and allergic process. Topical corticosteroids (non-specific for AD) have been the basis of treatments, however, their effectiveness is limited, and long-term application carries the risk of developing adverse effects (thinning of the skin, fissures and bleeding). Faced with this, experimental studies have sought therapies that can act in this complex pathology. Thus, the objective of this thesis consisted in the search for a new therapeutic strategy for the treatment of lesions similar to AD induced by 2,4- dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) in mice. Initially, in article 1, the effectiveness of an organic selenium compound, 1,4-anhydro-4-seleno-D-thalitol (SeTal) was evaluated in the reduction of lesions and symptoms found in AD through the modulation of inflammatory parameters in an experimental model using mice. In addition, this study compared the effect of SeTal with one of the reference drugs in the corticosteroid class used to treat AD, hydrocortisone (HC), in which SeTal showed positive effects and fewer adverse effects compared to HC. Bearing in mind that HC has relevant adverse effects when used for prolonged periods, another objective of this thesis was to improve the treatment already used, seeking a way to reduce these effects. Therefore, in article 2, a CH administration system was developed, through the use of a biopolymeric film composed of gelatin and/or starch, capable of acting on AD-like lesions, modulating inflammatory parameters and with minimal systemic absorption. Finally, the manuscript evaluated the associative effect of SeTal with HC or vitamin C encapsulated in gelatin and sodium alginate biomaterials, as an approach to locally treat AD-like lesions. Thus, the results of this thesis contribute to a better understanding of the pathophysiology of AD, as well as to the development of a new treatment for its lesions and symptoms. Therefore, SeTal may be an important therapeutic alternative for the treatment of AD-like lesions. In addition, while the search for an effective treatment is carried out, biopolymer films become a promising alternative to improve efficiency and reduce the adverse effects of the already used treatment (HC).