A reabsorção condilar idiopática é realmente “idiopática”?: revisão de escopo

Abstract

Introduction: Idiopathic condylar resorption (ICR) is an uncommon and aggressive form of degenerative temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disease, observed mainly in adolescents and young women. The etiology of RCI has been the subject of debate in the literature. Despite its designation as "idiopathic", several studies have investigated possible contributing factors. Objective: to carry out a scoping review to investigate the possible cause(s) and/or etiology(ies) of idiopathic condylar resorption. Materials and methods: A literature search was carried out according to Prisma guidelines for scoping reviews, in the PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus databases, using a controlled vocabulary along with combinations of the following terms: “idiopathic condylar resorption” , “progressive condylar resorption”, “bone resorption” with the Boolean operators “OR”, “temporomandibular joint (TMJ)”, “mandibular condyle”, “etiology”, with the Boolean operators “AND”. Only articles that addressed the research objective were considered. Full-text articles were obtained after applying the inclusion/exclusion criteria. Results: In total, 463 articles were found, Pubmed (152), Scopus (151) and Web of Science (160), to which inclusion criteria were applied and duplicates between databases were eliminated (67), resulting in 396 publications that were subjected to title and abstract review. This review resulted in 35 articles for full text evaluation, of which 28 did not respond to the proposed objective. No articles were manually identified through other sources and/or references from other articles. Therefore, 7 articles were included in this scoping review. The selected studies were published between 2001 and 2022. Of the studies included, one is a systematic review, two are case series, four are prospective studies. The number of individuals in the studies ranged from 2 to 126, with a huge predominance of women (284) compared to men (31), corresponding to 90.15% of the total sample of 315 individuals. The possible etiologies found and worth highlighting were joint disc displacement, female gender, age group (adolescents and young adults) and hormonal changes. Conclusions: This scoping review revealed insufficient research into causes and/or etiologies of RCI. Associations with possible etiological factors (displacement without reduction of the articular disc associated with adolescent girls with hormonal changes) have been identified, but there is no adequate evidence to identify the cause-effect relationship.