Investigação paleopatológica dentária sob uma abordagem biocultural: uma análise exploratória

Abstract

The analysis of dental pathologies in archaeological populations allows the investigation of oral health patterns over time, considering environmental, cultural, and dietary factors. This study examined the frequencies of caries, dental wear, abscesses, dental calculus, linear enamel hypoplasia, and periodontal diseases in 33 osteological series from six countries. Descriptive statistical methods and association tests were applied to identify patterns and correlations between pathologies and different ways of life. The results indicate a higher incidence of caries among agricultural populations, while dental wear was more frequent in groups associated with mixed economies and sambaqui sites. The correlation between dental calculus and periodontal diseases suggests the impact of dietary and behavioral factors on oral health. The variability of the samples and the lack of standardization in the presentation of bioarchaeological data pose methodological challenges, reinforcing the need for more consistent guidelines for comparative studies.