La Payada, primeiro bem imaterial declarado patrimônio cultural do MERCOSUL: desafios da patrimonialização e gestão

Abstract

This research investigates the patrimonialization process, that took place in 2015, of the poetic/musical genre known as Payada, in MERCOSUR and in countries where the bloc establishes the occurrence of the genre. The delimitation of the theme is how Payada's declaration as MERCOSUR's first Intangible Cultural Heritage could be an attempt to build a common cross-border cultural identity within this regional bloc. Part of the research focuses on how Payada's public protection policies have been constructed, within the institutional framework of MERCOSUR and in its member countries, especially Argentina, Uruguay and Chile. This study aims to go beyond the description of the political processes of patrimonialization of Payada, within MERCOSUR, and its artistic characteristics. It seeks to carry out a reflexive and critical discussion about how and why these processes take place, and what political intentions they might carry, and understand the effectiveness and effects of patrimonialization on this good and the doing of the one who produces it. The objectives are: to track existing documentation within the institutional framework of MERCOSUR CULTURAL, as well as the internal legal framework of Argentina, Chile and Uruguay, on Payada and intangible cultural heritage policies, protection actions, and verification of existence of management plans. Deepen the understanding about Payada, its historical roots, its defining musical / literary artistic characteristics, and the predominant identity / social / political values and possible differentiations within the countries in which it was patrimonialized. To confront the actions of protection, promotion and asset management found in practice within the scope of the block and of the countries mentioned above with what was agreed in its official documents of declaration of patrimonialization of Payada. The methodology of this research is qualitative. The conclusion of this investigation was that the patrimonialization was declaratory in the scope of MERCOSUR, Argentina and Uruguay. Only Chile presented a management plan based on in-depth studies that generated capillarity actions in the local communities of the country.