Requalificação de áreas portuárias abandonadas: uma análise sobre as repercussões urbanas a partir de um projeto de intervenção

Abstract

Port areas have great historical and cultural importance for the cities where they are located, being crucial for their urban and economic development. Coastal cities were the initial landmarks of colonization and a highlight for industries and companies to invest their capital. However, the accelerated changes that occurred in these areas led to the relocation of the ports, leaving the old areas abandoned. Since the 1950s, several cities around the world have been carrying out the recovery of these disused port areas, but despite this, the requalification of these spaces also brought social problems, such as gentrification. Thus, the present work has the general objective of proposing recommendations that may assist in guidelines for the implementation of requalification projects in former port areas, based on the perception and behavior of users, in view of the negative effects of gentrification processes. In the search for meeting the general objective, the work has three specific objectives: a) to historically examine a disused port area, in order to draw a timeline; b) analyze the perception of users in relation to the use of a refurbished old port area, as well as their perception in relation to the emergence of urban consequences; and, c) map the behavior of users in a refurbished old port area. For the development of this investigation, a case study was defined, with the requirements of being a port city, having historically abandoned spaces in its area, in addition to having urban intervention projects. Thus, within the old port area of the city of Porto Alegre, the Embarcadero Pier was selected. To carry out the research, the following methodological procedures were applied: document analysis, questionnaires; photographic survey and behavioral map. The main results obtained in this research demonstrate that the population yearns for places that value the historical heritage of the city and that give new uses to abandoned spaces, since where there is a requalification project implemented, it pleases the majority of visitors, however the way these requalifications are carried out must be reviewed in order to minimize the urban consequences generated.