Manipulação e visualização de produtos gerados por fotogrametria digital para a explicitação e o compartilhamento de saberes geométricos sobre os anamorfismos de dois elementos da arquitetura eclética pelotense

Abstract

The digital photogrammetry survey technique allows the obtainment of point cloud models, which can represent a precise three-dimensionality of the visible surfaces of a built historical heritage. Based on these techniques, two cases related to architecture of cultural interest in the city of Pelotas, RS, are studied here: the half dome of Santa Casa de Misericórdia’s Chapel and the skylight of Casarão 8, a building that shelters Museu do Doce, under the responsibility of Federal University of Pelotas. Both elements prove the presence, at the end of the XIX century, of professionals with the ability to produce, from specific points of view, anamorphic effects, the first being perceived as an entire dome, a creation of the Italian architect José Isella (1843-1931), and the second as the representation of an eye, attributed to the same architect, but without proof of his authorship. By obtaining threedimensional and photorealistic digital models of these elements, it is possible to extract information and explain the geometric knowledge involved in this ability. In this way, it is a study of didactic interest in the field of design and for the appropriation of the digital representation techniques used. On behalf of this interest, the study uses the Anthropological Theory of Knowledge, by Yves Chevallard, more specifically, the structured view of knowledge. For this, there is an investment in understanding the four elements of this structure: theories, technologies, techniques and tasks, to account for both the professional knowledge, used by the designer to generate such effects, and to constitute knowledge of how to document, how to study the skills needed and how to produce and control the anamorphisms involved. For the extraction of information about the geometry, in addition to the use of digital photogrammetry, techniques of parametric design as well as visualization and real time virtual manipulation of representations through interactive models. This type of interaction makes it possible for any person to understand the control of the effect by shifting the point of view in front of the model. In this perspective, of sharing the information generated, the study is situated as an invitation within the scope of university extension for the establishment of a research network, capable of contributing to the training process in architecture and to elucidate the hypothesis that José Isella is the creator of the skylight project.