Fabricação digital, parametria e co-design: relato de experiência de requalificação de HIS

Abstract

The lack of plurality in the design phase in the context of Social Housing, related to the composition of families and its evolution through time, shows the standardization of designs for vulnerable communities. As a result, the residents engage in a self-construction process without technical supervision. Such processes result in inefficient and unhealthy spaces. In exploring alternatives to the problem, the potential of Digital Fabrication (DF) is known, it allows customized production with costs of standardized production. Housing projects through the Computer Numeric Control (CNC) process using wooden boards are an alternative in construction, a new way of production associated with DF. Furthermore, DF linked to adaptative social housing hasn’t been explored much. The goal of this research is to propose a parametric script capable of generating modules to be digitally fabricated and used in social housing programs. The methodology used in the research is based on Design Science Research (DSR). The methodological procedures are divided in three steps: understanding of the problem; building and applying the solution; and finally, reflections from the research and the artifact developed. Results include an alternative, through digital fabrication, for families who desire to expand their houses. The consequences of this research can be linked to formal improvements (architectural program), such as welfare improvements of the residents, through the importance of architectural planning, addressing themes like solar orientation and natural ventilation. To conclude, the benefits aimed in this research are exposed: the standardization of the minimum size dwellings in social housing programs is no longer an obstacle for those families. Another advantage is the agility in the construction process through pre-fabrication when compared to traditional building systems resulting in a clean site and sustainable buildings, because the material can be recycled.