Obtenção de desempenho NZEB em edificações residenciais multifamiliares de interesse social no sul do Brasil, utilizando algoritmos genéticos

Abstract

Buildings are responsible worldwide for between 30% and 40% of primary energy consumption and of these buildings more than 50% are residential (IEA, 2020), searching for sustainability is increasingly present in the goals of civil construction. In this context, NZEB buildings appear with almost zero energy needs, which are, therefore, buildings with a high level of energy efficiency, both for their reduced energy consumption concerning conventional buildings and for the existence of energy production systems. that compensate for energy needs. In a global view, energy efficiency regulations are at a higher level than in our country, and thus indicate a path to be followed for the evolution of Brazilian regulations. In front of a high housing deficit, this work presents a technical and economic feasibility analysis of implementing the NZEB concept for the multifamily residential use of social interest in the climatic context of southern Brazil using the Energy Plus software and a Multi-objective Evolutionary Algorithm responsible for performing the optimization of the model concerning to thermal properties of the envelope and solar orientation of a four-floor building. The results point to the technical feasibility to meet more than 50% of the energy demand, obtaining an NZEB building, with investments that allow financial viability and payback time in the order of 5 years.