Bases para o fortalecimento e qualificação da comercialização das Plantas Alimentícias Não Convencionais (PANC) na feira livre de São Lourenço do Sul

Abstract

Street markets are fundamental for expanding access to Non-Conventional Food Plants (PANC), fostering direct relationships between farmers and consumers. These spaces strengthen bonds of trust and friendship while enabling the exchange of knowledge, which is crucial for popularizing PANC. In São Lourenço do Sul, these plants have gained greater recognition, supported by cultural and academic initiatives aimed at their promotion. Despite the increase in supply and demand, PANC still hold significant potential to enhance farmers' incomes and consumers' daily diets. This study aimed to provide resources to strengthen and improve the commercialization of PANC at the street market in São Lourenço do Sul. Three primary methods were used for data collection: spontaneous observation, semi-structured interviews, and questionnaires. Spontaneous observation was conducted on Saturdays between December 2022 and May 2023, focusing on the commercialization process of PANC at two market stalls. Semi-structured interviews, carried out between May and June 2023, involved vendors from the four agroecological stalls. Finally, questionnaires were administered to consumers on Saturdays from May 2023 to February 2024. The collected data addressed the interactions between vendors and consumers, the challenges and motivations of vendors, and consumer behavior regarding PANC. The results revealed a growing consumer interest in PANC at the market, particularly concerning their uses and health benefits. Among the most valued species were banana blossom and roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa). Observations recorded 21 species, totaling 394 units offered and 241 sold, resulting in a 61% sales rate. Products like blackjack (Bidens pilosa), purslane, and caruru showed consistent supply and sales exceeding 50%. Conversely, plants like maxixe (spiny gourd) aroused curiosity but still faced resistance among consumers. The research also revealed that motivations for PANC commercialization are tied to family traditions, ease of cultivation, and potential to supplement income. However, vendors face challenges related to cultural resistance from consumers, who often lack awareness or harbor prejudices against these plants. Despite these challenges, vendors expressed clear satisfaction in witnessing growing consumer interest, sharing their knowledge, and receiving positive feedback. The analysis of consumer profiles indicated that the majority were women aged 50 to 59, with higher education levels. Their primary motivation for attending the market was to seek fresh and healthy products. Familiarity with PANC was high, with 76% of respondents aware of the term and 62% incorporating these plants into their diets. The discussion emphasized that, despite increased acceptance, the lack of knowledge about PANC preparation and limited availability remain barriers to their popularization. Therefore, strategies such as tasting workshops and increased dissemination are essential to overcoming these obstacles and boosting consumer acceptance of PANC.