Achados radiográficos em articulação coxofemoral e de cotovelo em cães assintomáticos da raça Australian Cattle Dog

Abstract

The hip dysplasia (DHD) is caused by the developmental abnormality between the femoral head and the acetabular fossa. Radiographic examination is the definitive diagnosis for DHD, as it assesses osteoarthrotic signs and joint laxity, with the recommendation of OFA (Orthopedic Foundation for Animals) and CBRV (Colégio Brasileiro de Radiologia Veterinária), to be performed at 24 months. For the classification and control of DHD, the Norberg Angle (AN) has been established as an evaluation method by the International Cynological Federation (FCI) associated with the evaluation of osteoarthrotic signs, in which it classifies the condition in degrees, being them from A to E or HD - to HD+++. In addition to the AN, there are other joint and bone assessments, including the femoral tilt angle, which measures the angle formed between the head and the neck of the femur, and the cortical index, what assesses cortical thickness, who is is associated with bone stiffness, that is establishes the relationship between the diameter of the medullary region and its cortical area. Elbow dysplasia (ED) is an abnormal development of the humeroradioulnar joint, in which osteoarthrosis occurs, thus may result from conditions related to joint development, such as joint incongruity, fragmentation of the medial coronoid process of the ulna, non-union of the anconeus, and osteochondritis dissecans. So, the objective of this work was to establish the radiographic parameters for Hip Dysplasia and Elbow Dysplasia in Australian Cattle Dog (ACD), as well as to evaluate the frequency of DHD in this breed. During this work, 32 ACD dogs were evaluated, being 18 females and 14 males. The frequency obtained from dogs who had DHD was 56.25%, with classification C and D, not observing any dog with evaluation E, in which no patient had clinical signs, and males were the most prevalent. Cortical and Anteroversion indices were also performed, which did not obtain statistical significance for hip dysplasia. As for elbow dysplasia, a frequency of 25% of patients was observed, with the main sign observed being joint incongruity.