Paisagem fenestrada : o caso da paisagem cultural de Santa Tereza - RS

Abstract

This research has as its theme the cultural landscape from the environmental perception of the fenestrated landscape. Recent studies point to the relevance of the effects of the window's visual content on people's quality of life and well-being. However, no specific studies were found relating the effect of the visual content of the windows on cultural preservation processes. In view of the relevance of the cultural landscape as a heritage and universal right, the fenestrated landscape is still a little explored data in the planning of historic urban landscapes. The present research has as its general objective the safeguarding of the cultural landscape of small historic cities, analyzing the symbols and meanings of the fenestrated landscape as an expression of its place identity. The methodology, supported by phenomenology, starts from a bibliographic review that reveals the importance of the physical and symbolic aspects of the fenestrated landscape for the preservation of the cultural landscape. These aspects are investigated through a case study based on the methods and techniques of environmental perception. Through a qualitative approach, the windows of the Núcleo Urbano de Santa Tereza are analyzed, whose listing in 2012 highlights the landscape value of this small historic Brazilian city. The physical aspects are analyzed by the landscape structure and observation conditions of the buildings. The symbolic aspects are analyzed by the perceived elements and meanings attributed to the sight by the inhabitants. The study reveals that the fenestrated landscape is relevant content for the preservation of historical vernacular cultural landscapes, as it determines physical and symbolic qualities to the place. It is concluded that these landscape fragments contribute to the place identity of the social group, favoring the orientation and affectivity of individuals through their symbols. In the case of Santa Tereza, the symbols represented a systemic and balanced relationship of natural elements, built and human activities that support meanings of naturalness, complexity and historical significance for its inhabitants