Efeito de Komagataella phaffi sobre os níveis de anticorpos em camundongos imunossuprimidos com ciclofosfamida e vacinados com antígenos recombinantes de Clostridium botulinum e Clostridium perfringens

Abstract

Many probiotics potentiate the immune response of their hosts, a desirable beneficial effect, especially for immunosuppressed people. Komagataella phaffii have demonstrated probiotic properties, such as improved feed conversion, increased weight gain and seroconversion, and antimicrobial effect in animals. Furthermore, it proved to be safe for immunosuppressed animals and protected them from leukopenia, neutropenia, lipid peroxidation and hepatotoxicity induced by cyclophosphamide (CF). Thus, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of supplementation with Komagataella phaffii from Swiss mice immunosuppressed with CF and vaccinated with the recombinant proteins rD from Clostridium botulinum, and rCPA-C and rCPB from Clostridium perfringens, as model vaccine antigens, on the antibody levels, assessed by indirect ELISA. For this purpose, 36 male Swiss mice aged 28 days (divided into two replicates) were divided into three groups: vaccinated-only group (V), immunosuppressed group with CF (250mg. kgˉ¹ in two doses) and vaccinated (CF + V ) and group supplemented with Komagataella phaffii, immunosuppressed with CF and vaccinated (CF + K + V). All animals in the three groups were immunized, subcutaneously, with a single dose of a polyvalent vaccine composed of 25 µg of each of the three recombinant proteins (rCPA-C, rCPB and rD) on day 19 and animals in the CF + K group + V received daily supplementation, by gavage, of 10⁸ CFU of Komagataella phaffii per animal, throughout the experiment (47 days). Non-supplemented and non immunosuppressed animals received saline solution by the same routes and periods. The levels of antibodies stimulated by the vaccines with each of the recombinant proteins were evaluated by indirect ELISA (7, 14, 21 and 28 days after vaccination). Supplementation with Komagataella phaffii has been shown to improve the immune response in immunosuppressed animals in rD vaccination, resulting in higher levels of anti-rD IgG compared to animals vaccinated without supplementation, in addition to promoting a faster immune response. However, it had no effect on the immune response to vaccination of immunosuppressed animals with rCPA-C and rCPB. Finally, Komagataella phaffii presents itself not only as an excellent specific immunomodulatory supplement, but as a viable, safe, cheap and promising source in the food sector in the veterinary and human industry, for healthy or immunosuppressed animals or people.