Tipificação da qualidade de sementes de cevada produzidas em ambientes ecofisiológicos do Rio Grande do Sul

Abstract

The aim of this study is to describe the typification of the quality of barley seeds produced in eco-physiological environments in Rio Grande do Sul, based on the analysis of the physical, physiological, and biochemical performance of barley seeds. Two seed cultivars, BRS CAUÊ and ABI RUBI, produced in different locations within the state were used in the study. The experimental design consisted of a 2X9X 4 (2 cultivars, 9 locations, and 4 repetitions) arrangement, divided into three studies. The physical aspects were characterized by evaluating moisture content, thousand seed weight, hectoliter weight, purity, and determination of other seeds by number using a 2X9X5X4 (2 cultivars, 9 locations, 5 variables, and 4 repetitions per variable) design. The physiological aspects were characterized by tetrazolium test, first germination count, second germination count, seedling length, seedling dry weight, accelerated aging at 24h, 48h, and 72h, seedling emergence, seedling length and dry weight in the field, leaf area, and chlorophyll determination using a 2X9X13X4 (2 cultivars, 9 locations, 13 variables, and 4 repetitions per variable) design. Biochemical typification included evaluation of peroxide and lipid peroxidation, enzymes - Catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX), total soluble sugars, and chlorophyll a, b, and total using a 2X9X5X4 (2 cultivars, 9 locations, 5 variables, and 4 repetitions per variable) design. All data were statistically analyzed using the Scott-Knott test at a 5% probability level. The quality of barley seeds is crucial for the success of the crop, as they must exhibit good vigor and germination for proper establishment. Physical analyses characterize the appearance, purity, and moisture content of the seeds. Physiological analyses indicate that certain locations are favorable for increasing the production of malt barley seeds with appropriate adjustments. Biochemical aspects further support this potential, allowing for optimal results. The results obtained from the physical, physiological, and biochemical analyses demonstrate that the studied locations are prone to contribute to the expansion of seed production areas for malt production, as the best results can be achieved with appropriate adjustments.